Chromium exposure through the inhalation of insoluble chromium compounds may produce impairment of lung function. Exposure can precipitate skin ulcerations, dermatitis, perforation of the nasal septum, and respiratory sensitization. Chromium and its inorganic salts are widely employed in industry, including metal plating, steel and nonferrous alloys, refractory materials, and chromate pigments and preservatives. In organic forms, chromium is also an essential nutrient for humans supplied in the diet (5-115 µg/day); however, overexposure is generally associated with the industrial environment, specifically through the inhalation of chromium dust and fumes. The urine test is recommended to check for frequent, long-term exposure. The plasma blood test is recommended for recent or short-term exposure.
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