Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) caused by a certain type of bacteria (called Treponema pallidum). This type of bacteria usually is spread during sexual contact (including kissing or oral sex). A syphilis infection can spread through the bloodstream to all parts of the body. If not treated, syphilis can progress through three stages, usually extending over many years, to the point of affecting behavior. A syphilis test may be done to evaluate people with symptoms of dementia. The last stage of the disease can cause severe heart disease, brain damage, spinal cord damage, blindness, and death. Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) test is a type of syphilis test. The RPR test also detects reagin and is commonly used as a screening test. This RPR test is done on a sample of blood. It is not done on spinal fluid.
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